On top of Kolona Hill stands the remains of Apollo’s Temple. The hill was the Acropolis of the island from prehistoric times (3000 BC), while the Doric Temple was built around 6 BC (even before the Parthenon in Athens). It was destroyed and rebuilt about 10 times, but now just one column remains, thus the name Kolona (column). The Temple was built of local limestone and featured 11 columns down its length and 6 columns along its width. The temple pediments (made of Parian marble) depicted the legendary Amazon Wars.

According to archaeologists, there are some remnants of Byzantine buildings too. More specifically, according to Pausanias, there was the tomb of Aiakos (king of the island) within which golden pieces of jewellery were found, that are today exhibited in the British Museum.